Endemic can be defined as the frequency of a given disease, being normally linked to a region due to climatic, social, hygienic and biological factors, so a disease can be considered endemic when cases occur with some frequency in a specific place.
Endemic diseases are generally limited to one region and are not spread to other parts, in addition, these diseases can be seasonal, that is, their frequency varies according to the time of year, such as yellow fever, which is considered endemic in the northern region of Brazil and whose frequency increases in summer, which is the hottest time of the year in this region.
Diseases considered endemic occur most often in a given region and at specific times, the main ones being:
The onset of an endemic disease depends on economic factors, such as the lack of basic sanitation and treated, cultural, ecological water, such as pollution and climatic conditions that promote the multiplication of vectors, social and biological, such as the sensitivity of people and the transmissibility of the infectious agent.
To prevent the onset of endemic diseases, it is important to evaluate the factors that promote the development of these diseases, so it is important to take steps to improve hygiene and sanitation conditions in endemic areas, as well as invest in strategies to prevent the spread of the infectious agent and the risk of transmission of the disease to people.
In addition, it is important that the occurrence of endemic diseases be reported to the health system so that prevention and control measures can be intensified.