Sidéroblastic anemia is characterized by a disease in which iron is misused for hemoglobin synthesis, although there are sufficient amounts of iron to produce it, so this metal accumulates in the mitochondria of erythroblasts resulting in ring sidéroblasts.
This disorder may be related to hereditary factors, acquired factors or myelodysplasias, leading to symptoms characteristic of anemia, such as fatigue, paleness, dizziness and weakness.
- Treatment depends on the severity of the disease.
- Folic acid and vitamin B6 are usually given.
- And in more severe cases.
- A bone marrow transplant may be necessary.
- Understand how a bone marrow exam is performed.
Generally, the causes of AIDS are hereditary, in which the baby was born with the disease, due to mutations in a gene, in addition, the disease can also be contracted by several factors, such as chronic alcoholism, rheumatoid arthritis, lead. or zinc poisoning, toxicity caused by certain drugs, hemolytic anemia, nutritional deficiencies of vitamin B6 and autoimmune diseases.
Sidéroblastic anemia can also be secondary to other bone marrow diseases, such as myelodysplasia, myeloma, true polycythemia, myelosclerosis and leukemia.
Most hereditary siteroblastic anemias appear in childhood, however, there may be milder cases of hereditary synergistic anemia whose symptoms do not begin to appear until adulthood.
The most common symptoms that usually occur in people with sedroblastic anemia are fatigue, decreased ability to perform physical activities, dizziness, weakness, tachycardia and paleness.
In siteroblastic anemia, haemoglobin levels usually range from 4 to 10 g/dl.
Diagnosis consists of a physical examination, an assessment of a person’s medical history, and a blood formula, in which erythrocytes can be observed in different ways and some of them may be dotted.Iron levels in the blood can also be elevated.
Sidroblastic anemia is diagnosed when, during a bone marrow exam, five or more ring-shaped iron granules are observed in the sidroblasts around the mitochondria.
Reducing alcohol consumption, improving diet and supplementing with vitamin B6 and folic acid may be enough to reverse this situation.
In more severe cases, a bone marrow transplant may be necessary.