Monoclonal antibodies are proteins that the immune system uses to identify and neutralize foreign bodies, which can be bacteria, viruses, or even tumor cells. These specific proteins, which are recognized as white on a special antigen called, will be present on cells removed for the body. How does the immune system work?
Monoclonal antibodies, such as denosumab, obinutuzumab, and ustékinumab, are produced in the lab and are often identical to those found in the human body because they help the body fight certain diseases. it can be used to treat certain serious diseases, such as osteoporosis, leukemia, plaque psoriasis, or certain cancers, such as breast or childhood cancer.
Examples of monoclonal antibodies include
This monoclonal antibody is marketed as Herceptin and was developed by genetic engineering. It works by specifically attacking a protein found in people with certain breast and stomach cancers. In this way, this medicine is indicated for the treatment of breast cancer in the initial state or with metastasis and gastric cancer to an advanced state.
Marketed as Prolia Xgeva, it has its composition in human monoclonal antibody IgG2, which interferes with the action of a specific protein that strengthens humans, reducing the chances of onset, so denosumab is indicated for the treatment of bone loss, osteoporosis, cancer or advanced cancer with bone metastases, to be determined, that extends to humans.
This monoclonal antibody is marketed as Gazyva, has an antibody composition that it specifically recognizes and is bound to the CD20 protein, which is found on the surface of white blood cells or B lymphocytes. In this way, obinutuzumab is indicated in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. , because it can stop abnormal growth of the white blood cells that cause this disease.
This drug is known commercially as Stelara and is composed of the human monoclonal antibody IgG1, which inhibits the specific proteins responsible for psoriasis, so it is indicated in the treatment of plaque psoriasis.
This monoclonal antibody is marketed as Perjeta and is composed of antibodies that join the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, present in some cancer cells, which decreases the growth of your cancer, so Perjeta is indicated for the treatment of breast cancer.
Medicines containing monoclonal antibodies should only be taken on medical advice, depending on the type of antibody to be used and the recommended doses depending on the problem being treated and its severity.
In most cases, monoclonal antibodies are used in the treatment of cancer as antineoplastic drugs, which should be used as directed by the doctor and should also be administered in hospitals or clinics.