The intrauterine device, popularly known as an IUD, is a T-shaped flexible plastic contraceptive method that is introduced into the uterus to prevent pregnancy, can only be placed and removed by the gynecologist, and although it may begin to be used at any time during the menstrual cycle, it should preferably be placed within the first 12 days of the cycle.
IUD is 99% or more effective and can remain in the uterus for 5 to 10 years, and should be removed up to one year after the last period, in menopause.There are two main types of IUDs:
- As the copper IUD does not involve the use of hormones.
- It generally has fewer side effects in the rest of the body.
- Such as mood swings.
- Weight or decreased libido.
- And can be used at any age without interfering with lactation.
However, the hormonal or Mirena IUD also has several benefits, helping to reduce the risk of endometrial cancer, reduce menstrual flow and alleviate menstrual cramps, so this type is also widely used in women who do not need contraception, but who are in treatment. for endometriosis or fibroids, for example.
Depending on the type, the IUD may have other pros and cons for each woman, and it is recommended to discuss this information with the gynecologist when choosing the best method of contraception.Learn about other contraceptive methods and their pros and cons.
The copper IUD works by preventing the ovum from adhering to the uterus and decreasing the effectiveness of the sperm through the action of copper, interrupting fertilization. This type of IUD provides protection for a period of approximately 10 years.
Hormonal IUD, through the action of the hormone, interferes with ovulation and prevents the egg from sticking to the uterus, thickening the mucus of the cervix to form a kind of cap that prevents sperm from reaching there, thus preventing fertilization.IUD offers protection for up to 5 years.
The IUD insertion procedure is simple, lasts between 15 and 20 minutes and can be performed in the gynecology office The insertion of the IUD can be performed at any time during the menstrual cycle, but it is best to place it during menstruation, that is, when the uterus is more dilated.
For IUD placement, the woman should be placed in a gynecological position, with her legs slightly separated, and the doctor inserts the IUD into the uterus, once placed, the doctor leaves a small wire inside the vagina indicating that the IUD is this thread can be felt with the finger, but does not feel during intimate contact.
Because this is a procedure that is not performed under anesthesia, a woman may feel discomfort during the procedure.
Some of the side effects of this birth control method include
Copper IUD can also cause longer menstrual periods, with major and more painful bleeding, only in some women, especially in the first few months after IUD insertion.
Hormonal IUD, in addition to these side effects, can also result in reduced menstrual flow or lack of menstruation or small bursts of menstrual blood, called blemishes, pimples, headaches, breast pain and strain, water retention, ovarian cysts, and weight gain.
It is important for a woman to be attentive and see the doctor if she does not feel or see the guidance threads of the IUD, symptoms such as fever or chills, swelling of the genital area or if the woman has severe abdominal cramps.It is recommended to see your doctor if there is increased vaginal discharge, bleeding outside the period, or if you experience pain or bleeding during sex.
If any of these signs appear, it is important to consult your gynecologist to evaluate the position of the IUD and take appropriate action.