Inflammatory bowel disease refers to a set of chronic diseases that cause inflammation of the intestine, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, which have very similar symptoms, such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, weight loss, anemia or food intolerances, for example, but are considered separate diseases.
Treatment involves administering medications, adopting a specific diet, and supplementing with vitamins and minerals, in some cases surgery may also be necessary.
- Inflammatory bowel disease may have symptoms in the gastrointestinal area or other areas of the body.
- The most common being:.
Abdominal cramps;
Diarrhea that may contain blood;
cracks, fistulas and folds;
Fecal incontinence
Diarrhea with mucus and blood;
Abdominal cramps;
Aphta.
Delayed growth in children and adolescents;
Weight loss;
Knotted erythema;
Photophobia, uveitis;
SERONespondyloarthritis negative;
Ankylosing spondyloarthritis;
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia;
Headaches and neuropathies;
Muscle diseases
Depression
HIV-negative arthritis;
Ankylosing spondyloarthritis;
Knotted erythema;
Gangrenous pyodermite;
Primitive sclerotic cholangitis
The characteristic symptoms of Crohn’s disease are very similar to those of ulcerative colitis, but some of them may be different because Crohn’s disease can affect the entire gastrointestinal tract, from the mouth to the anus, while the areas affected by ulcerative colitis are basically the rectum.colon. Get tested and know how to identify Crohn’s disease.
Geralmente, o diagnóstico consiste numa avaliação clínica, realização de endoscopia, exames histológicos, radiológicos e investigação bioquímica.
Ainda não se sabe ao certo as causas específicas que estão na origem da doença inflamatória intestinal, mas pensa-se que pode estar relacionado com fatores genéticos, imunológicos, microbiota intestinal e com a dieta.
For example, in people with inflammatory bowel disease, in the face of certain foods or microorganisms, there is abnormal activation of the inflammatory response, causing damage to intestinal cells, leading to the appearance of symptoms characteristic of the disease.
Inflammatory bowel diseases may also be influenced by age and race, and the risk of developing them can increase with cigarette use, the use of hormonal contraceptives, the use of antibiotics during the first year of life, gastroenteritis, diets rich in animal proteins.., sugar, oils, saturated fats.
Treatment is designed to induce and maintain disease remission, improve a person’s nutritional status and relieve symptoms.
In general, medications prescribed by your doctor may include anti-inflammatory medications, such as corticosteroids and aminosalicylates such as mesalazine or sulfasalazine, e.g. immunosuppressants such as cyclosporine, azathioprine or mercaptopurine, antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin or metronoclidazole and/or monoclonal antibodies, such as infliximab or adalimumab, for example.
In some cases, in Crohn’s disease, surgery may be required to repair stenosis or remove parts of the intestine when medication treatment is not effective.
People with inflammatory bowel disease have an increased risk of developing nutritional problems due to disease and treatment.Therefore, to maintain nutritional status in these cases, it may be necessary to follow a special diet and take dietary supplements containing folic acid, vitamin D, vitamins B6, B12 and minerals and trace elements such as calcium and zinc, for example., the use of probiotics and glutamine can help improve intestinal function.
The main goal of the diet for inflammatory bowel diseases is to reduce inflammation of the intestine and improve absorption, relieve symptoms and prevent the onset of new seizures. The diet should be individualized and specific to each person, but there are generally tolerated foods and others to avoid, especially during seizures:
Foods allowed in the diet include
Foods to avoid, as they are at high risk of causing inflammation of the intestine, are:
These foods are just a few examples that should generally be avoided, however, it is ideal to consult a nutritionist to adapt food to each person’s body, as there may be other foods that worsen symptoms.