Immunoglobulins G and M, also known as IgG and IgM, are antibodies that the body produces when it comes into contact with a type of invasive microorganism, these antibodies are produced to promote the elimination of bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi, in addition to toxins produced by these microorganisms when they invade the body.
Because they are important in evaluating the body’s immune response to an infection, measuring IgG and IgM can help diagnose various diseases, so depending on the test your doctor indicates, it is possible to know if these immunoglobulins are not present in the blood and the same way to know if the person is infected or has had contact with the infectious agent.
- IgG and IgM are proteins produced by the body to defend itself against infectious agents and their toxins.
- Being IGM the first antibody produced in case of infection.
- Being considered a marker of the acute phase of infection.
- This immunoglobulin is responsible for the activation of the complementary system.
- Which is a system made up of proteins.
- Which indicates that an infection exists and promotes the elimination of the invading infectious agent.
IgG occurs a little later, but during the acute phase of infection, it occurs according to the invasive microorganism, being considered more specific, in addition to remaining in circulation in the blood, protecting the person from possible future infections. Microorganism. Learn more about how the immune system works.
The production of IgG is also induced by vaccination, which aims to protect the body from a specific infectious agent; In this way, IgG is a type of memory that the body creates for the rest of its life.
The serological examination of IgG and IgM can detect the stage of several diseases, such as toxoplasmosis, rubella and cytomegalovirus infection, for example. When a new infection occurs, the first antibodies produced by IgM, as they decrease as the infection is controlled, result in IgG, which remains for life.
The person has never been in contact with the microorganism
The person was in contact with the microorganism in an ancient infection, the virus succeeded with the vaccine.
The person has always had an acute infection.
The person had a recent infection weeks or months ago
Thus, the existence of a large amount of IgM for rubella, for example, is that the infection is recent, while maintaining levels, IgG levels are maintained, meaning that the infection is controlled and that the body produces specific antibodies against this virus. obtaining memory of immunity for this disease.
In this way, in the next contact with the virus, the risk of developing the disease would be minimal, since the person would have specific IgG antibodies against rubella that would act immediately. The same goes for vaccination, in most cases inactive viruses that induce specific IgG formation is given.
During the embargo, your doctor may perform blood tests to identify infections your woman has had, as well as assess her immune status by measuring specific antibodies for each of the infectious agents.
There are 5 infections that remain under embargo, and these can present a high risk of transmission to the fetus, although they are more serious when the mother has no antibodies against any of these viruses and becomes ill during pregnancy, as in this case. toxoplasmosis, syphilis, rubella, herpes simplex and cytomegalovirus. As cytomegalovirus affects the baby and baby.
Therefore, it is very important to get the surrounding rubella vaccine one month before launch, and have the serological problem to treat other infections in a timely manner.
Gy M immunoglobulins may differ depending on biochemical and molecular characteristics, such as size, electrical charge and carbohydrate levels in their constitution, which directly influence their function.
Immunoglobulins are structures similar to the letter “Y” consisting of light and heavy chains. The termination of one of the light chains remains the same among immunoglobulins, although it is known as the constant region of the light chain, although the termination of other light strands may vary between immunoglobulins, known as the variable region.
In addition, in both heavy and light chains, there are complementary regions corresponding to the region in which the antigen can mate.
Therefore, from the assessment of biochemical and molecular characteristics, it is possible to differentiate the types of immunoglobulins, including IgG and IgM, if plasma circulates in plasma and IgM in greater presence in the intravascular space, in addition to the poseur in its variables. regions and their different purposes, complementary patterns, which affect their role.