Hypoparathyroidism refers to a set of diseases or situations that cause the degradation of the hormone PTH, also known as paratohormone.
This hormone is produced by the parathyroid glands, which are 4 small glands located behind the thyroid glands, and are responsible for maintaining calcium levels in the blood, along with vitamin D.
- Therefore.
- When there is a lack of PTH in the body.
- It is common to observe calcium levels in the blood.
- Called hypocalcaemia.
- Which can cause signs such as weakness.
- Muscle spasms.
- Alterations in the body.
- Neurological problems and even heart problems.
- You know more about hypocalcaemia.
Symptoms of hypoparathyroidism are primarily related to problems that cause lack of PTH, so some signs and symptoms that may occur include:
Because PTH is a calcium-regulating hormone, when there is not enough PTH, calcium is not properly absorbed into the gut and is also eliminated by urine, resulting in low calcium hypocalcaemia.
The intensity of symptoms depends on the severity and speed of calcium loss. Many people with hypoparathyroidism are asymptomatic and show symptoms only when the body needs more calcium, as this occurs during lactation, using calcium-reducing medications.
In more chronic and mild cases, I may also have symptoms, if the disease has been detected during a routine exam, there may be very mild symptoms such as hormones and lack of sensitivity in children, around children’s mouths.
The main goal of treating hypoparathyroidism is to control calcium dissolution in the body and the endocrinologist should guide you based on the cause, severity, symptoms and calcium levels in your blood.
When calcium levels are very low, below 7. 5 mg/dL, severe hypocalcaemia occurs and, in these cases, hospital treatment is required to replace calcium with intravenous calcium gluconate.
This is when hypocalcaemia is mild and chronic, treatment involves replenishing calcium and vitamin D orally. Magnitude helps stimulate PTH production and can therefore be useful especially when its levels are also low. Other medicines such as thiazide diuretics or recombinant PTH repositioning may be indicated by an endocrinologist, as the case may be.
Hypoparathyroidism can be divided into two main types, depending on the causes that cause the absence of PTH action:
There will be no cases where it is called pseudohyperoparathyroidism and presents in inherited diseases that transmit the genes of the family, from priests to children, and that increase the resistance of the organisms where the hormone will act. Therefore, the hormone cannot perform its function even though the parathyroid glands produce enough.
This is like most cases by removal of the parathyroid glands, in the case of the treatment of hyperparathyroidism, for example, but it can also occur from accidental damage to these glands, the latter occurs when surgery is performed in the cell. level, mainly in the thyroid, due to the presence of cancer or the elimination of nodules. Because the structures are very close and the glands are very small, sometimes it is difficult to identify them and separate them from the other structures.
See where thyroid situations are eliminated and how to recover
This type of hypoparathyroidism is usually triggered by a persistent magnesium deficiency.
Even mild magnesium degradation can stimulate PTH production, when magnesium is very low and for an extended period of time, a message is sent to the parathyroid glands so that they do not produce more PTH, decreasing the sensitivity of organisms to it. hormona. de a way that doesn’t act and causes hypoparathyroidism.
Pseudohypoparathyroidism refers to a set of diseases in which genetic mutations, usually hereditary, are caused by the fact that the body is insensitive to the action of PTH. There are 3 types of pseudohypoparathyroidism, according to you, that are related to a rare disease called hereditary Albright osteoarthritis and the type of PTH resistance that triggers it.
In the absence of PTH action, the glands grow and attempt to produce more PTH, with normal PTH levels even high in the blood, but this PTH cannot act, so the clinical picture is the same as hypoparathyroidism, as if the hormone did not exist. Second, it could not be called typical hypoparathyroidism, although circulating PTH levels are even increased, so it is called pseudohypoparathyroidism, meaning “similar to hypoparathyroidism”.