Hyperparathyroidism is a disease that causes overproduction of the hormone PTH, released by the parathyroid glands, located in the cell behind the thyroid glands.
The hormone PTH also helps to maintain calcium levels in the blood and for this, its main effects include the absorption of calcium in the kidneys, a greater absorption of calcium from food in the intestine, as well as the elimination of calcium stored in the intestine. that is released into the bloodstream.
Hyperparathyroidism can occur in three ways
When identified, hyperparathyroidism should be treated immediately, as it can have negative consequences, such as weakening people, increasing the risk of fractures. In addition, excess calcium in the blood can cause changes in muscle function, kidney stones, increased blood pressure and other cardiovascular problems.
This disease has a cure when surgery is performed to remove the gland, however, before medications that can be used to control symptoms can be indicated.
Common signs and symptoms in cases of hyperparathyroidism include
In fact, hyperparathyroidism causes symptoms, especially in the early stages, as it is common for this disease to be identified during a routine blood test, which shows changes in blood calcium levels.
Diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism is made with the hormone drug PTH, which increases in all types of diseases, then the endocrinologist will request more tests to help identify the cause of the problem, such as calcium-based drugs, which are elevated in primary hyperparathyroidism and are reduced to secondary, in addition to tests such as calcium-based drugs and orin phosphorus For example.
X-ray could also help identify the patient, as he was often found with demineralization and osteoporosis. In the most advanced cases, this test could show the formation of excavations and the proliferation of shingles and vessels in the waters, the so-called “brown tumor”.
In addition, imaging tests in the region region, such as ultrasound, MRI scans, for example, might help identify changes in parathyroids.
The first step in the treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism is the correction of calcium levels as is, if they are severely impaired, as they may be the main cause of symptoms. For him, there are several options that include hormone replacement, performed especially in postmenopausal women, because replacing certain hormones helps maintain calcium levels in men. Bisphosphonate medications also help increase calcium deposition in the blood, which decreases free blood circulation.
Surgery may also be indicated in cases of primary hyperparathyroidism, as the affected glands are removed, curing the disease; however, there are certain strains such as nerve damage that controls the vocal cords and the marked reduction in calcium levels.
In the case of secondary hyperparathyroidism, adequate monitoring and treatment of renal failure, a replacement of vitamin D and calcium, which decrease is necessary. Calimimetic medications have a calcium-like effect, resulting in the glands producing hormones.