Diagnosis of dengue is based on the symptoms of the person, in addition to laboratory tests, such as blood tests, virus isolation and biochemical tests, for example, once the tests are performed, the doctor can check what type of virus and in this way indicate the most appropriate treatment for the person, so , in case of sudden onset of the aforementioned symptoms, it is recommended to go to the emergency department for diagnostic tests and then start treatment.
Dengue is a disease caused by the bite of the infected Aedes aegypti mosquito, which is most common in summer and wetlands due to the ease of development of the dengue mosquito, we know how to identify and combat the dengue mosquito.
- The physical examination consists of the doctor’s assessment of the symptoms described by the patient.
- Being an indicator of the following conventional dengue:.
For hemorrhagic dengue, symptoms may include excessive bleeding, which usually manifests as red spots on the skin, bruising, and bleeding from the nose or spine, for example.
Symptoms usually appear 4 to 7 days after the bite of the virus-infected mosquito and begin to close at 39 degrees Celsius, but after a few hours they are accompanied by other symptoms, so given the sores in the blood it is important to consult a doctor so that specific tests can be done to confirm the diagnosis and start treatment as quickly as possible , but in the most severe cases, the dengue virus can reach the heart. Learn more about dengue complications.
The tourniquet problem is a type of problem that checks the fragility of blood vessels and their tendency to bleed, although sometimes it is practiced in case of conventional dengue or bleeding; this test involves disrupting blood flow to the hair and observing the appearance of small red blood cells, which are more likely to bleed in as many red blood cells as possible.
Although it is one of the symptoms indicated by the World Health Organization for the diagnosis of dengue, the tourniquet may give false results when the person is taking medications such as aspirin or corticosteroids or is in the premenopausal phase.
The quick question to identify dengue fever is increasingly used to diagnose possible cases of viral infection, which takes at least 20 minutes to identify whether the virus is present in the body and how long it has been present. Detection of antibodies, IgG and IgM. de this form, it is possible to start treatment more quickly.
However, the rapid problem does not identify the presence of other dengue mosquito-borne diseases, such as Zika or Chikungunya, so your doctor may order a normal blood test to determine if it is also infected with these viruses. Quick advice is usually free, depending on the country and health standards, being able to end up in the health center, it can be done at any time, since no prior preparation is required.
This test aims to identify the virus in the bloodstream and establish its serotype, allowing differential diagnosis of other diseases caused by mosquito bite and developing similar symptoms, as well as allowing the doctor to initiate a more specific treatment. .
Isolation is performed by testing a blood sample, which should be obtained as soon as the first symptoms appear, this blood sample is sent to the laboratory, and, using molecular diagnostic techniques, such as PCR, it is possible to identify the presence of the dengue virus in the blood.
Serological tests are designed to diagnose the disease using the concentration of IgM and IgG immunoglobulins in the blood, proteins whose concentration is altered in case of infection; the concentration of IgM increases after the person’s contact with the virus, although IgG increases thereafter, but in the acute phase of the disease, it remains in the high corners of the blood, so much so that it is a marker of the disease, specific to each type of infection. These are the IgM and IgG antibodies.
Serological tests are normally requested as a means of completing the isolated examination of the virus and blood should be obtained approximately 6 days after the presentation of symptoms, so that it is possible to incorrectly check immunoglobulin concentrations.
The blood formula and coagulogram are also tests requested by your doctor to diagnose dengue, especially hemorrhagic dengue. The blood count usually displays a variable number of leukocytes, there may be leukocytes, which increases the number of leukocytes, a leukopenia, which decreases the number of leukocytes in the blood.
In addition, an increase in the number of lymphocytes (lymphocytosis) is generally observed in the presence of atypical lymphocytes, in addition to thrombocytopenia, which in the presence of platelets is reduced by 100,000 / mm3, while the reference value is between 150,000 and 450,000 /mm3. Follow the normal values of the blood formula.
Coagulogram is the test that checks the clotting capacity of the blood, usually requested in cases of suspected hemorrhagic dengue and increased time of prothrombin, partial thromboplastin and thrombin, as well as decreased fibrinogen, prothrombin, factor VIII and factor XII, indicate that hemostasis does not occur correctly, confirming the diagnosis of hemorrhagic dengue. Learn more about hemostaia and stadiums.
The main biochemical tests requested on liver enzyme medication and TGO and TGP indicate the degree of liver engagement and the indicator of the most advanced state of the disease when these parameters are elevated.
Usually, when dengue is detected at a later stage, it is possible to observe a decrease in the concentration of albumin in the blood and the presence of albumin in the urine, in addition to increased concentrations of TGO and TGP in the blood, indicating liver damage. .