Ovarian endometriosis, also known as endometrioma, is caused by the presence of endometrial tissue, endometrial glands or stroma, tissues that should only be inside the uterus, also covering the ovary The doctor may discover that the woman has endometriosis in the ovary via transvaginal route or pelvic ultrasound, which mainly detects an ovarian cyst of more than 2 cm, filled with dark fluid.
Normally, when a woman has endometriosis in the ovary, she also has endometriosis in the intestine, considering this situation a deep endometriosis, since the tissue has spread to several areas, there are virtually no cases of isolated endometrioma, since there are always others.affected sites.
- Endometrioma is considered a benign change.
- But signs and symptoms may appear that can be uncomfortable for women and indicate endometriosis in the ovary.
- Such as:.
Diagnosis is made by the gynecologist based on vaginal touch and imaging tests, such as transvaginal ultrasound, on which the intestine should be emptied beforehand, or by magnetic resonance imaging, these tests will highlight the affected sites, which determines the treatment..
Treatment will depend on the age of the woman, reproductive desire, symptoms and extent of the disease In cases where the tissue is less than 3 cm, the use of medications may be effective, reducing symptoms, but in the most severe cases, with a cyst of more than 4 cm, laparoscopic surgery is recommended to scrape the endometrial tissue or even remove the ovaries.
Endometrioma does not go away on its own, even with the use of the birth control pill, but these can reduce the risk of developing a new endometrioma after surgical removal.
In some cases, the gynecologist may also indicate the use of certain medications to relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of endometrioma, however, this indication is made more often for women who are already in menopause.
As the ovary becomes compromised, the number of eggs produced decreases, resulting in an alteration in a woman’s fertility. Pregnancy chances in women with endometrioma decrease each month as the disease progresses. In addition, your doctor may recommend surgery to remove this tissue., especially when the disease is already more advanced, but surgery itself can negatively interfere with the ovary, altering a woman’s fertility.
For example, your doctor may recommend that the woman try to get pregnant as soon as possible, or he or she may tell her the egg freezing technique, so that in the future the woman can decide whether she wants to undergo artificial insemination and have children.
Rarely can an endometrioma develop into cancer, although this can happen, the number of women affected is very small, besides, it is not any endometrioma that can develop into cancer, only atypical endometrioma, which may be related to the development of endometrium.cancer or clear cell cancer. Therefore, more than 95% of women with endometrioma will not have cancer.