Endemic goiter is a change that occurs due to an iodine deficiency in the body, which directly interferes with the synthesis of hormones by the thyroid and leads to the development of signs and symptoms, the main being the increase in thyroid volume that is perceived through swelling of the neck.
Endemic goiter is a rare situation, however, it is important to study and treat according to medical recommendation, with iodine supplements and dietary changes primarily indicated to normalize thyroid activity.
- The main sign and symptom of endemic goiter is an increase in thyroid volume.
- Which is perceived by swelling of the neck.
- Because of this increase.
- The person may have difficulty breathing and swallowing.
- And may also have a cough.
In addition, depending on blood levels of TSH, T3, and T4, the person may develop signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism, such as excessive fatigue, weight gain or loss, muscle or joint pains, for example. Learn how to identify goiter symptoms.
Endemic goiter is due to iodine deficiency in the body, causing changes in the thyroid gland. In fact, iodine is an essential element for the synthesis and release of thyroid hormones, T3 and T4.
Thus, because there is not enough iodine in the body to produce hormones, the thyroid begins to work harder in order to capture sufficient amounts of iodine to produce the hormones, resulting in its increase, characteristic of goiter.
Treatment of endemic goiter involves relieving the signs and symptoms of the disease and normalizing thyroid hormone synthesis. Therefore, depending on circulating T3 and T4 levels, your doctor may indicate an iodine supplement with a concentration 10 times higher than the recommended daily dose until thyroid function is considered normal.
In addition, salt supplementation with iodine and consumption of foods rich in this element, such as fish, eggs, milk and cheeses, for example, may be recommended. See a list of iodine-rich foods.